Apr 21 2020
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Hope for cooperative SMEs: EU Adopts Coronavirus Response Investment Initiative to combat COVID-19

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On the 30th of March, the Coronavirus Response Investment Initiative has been adopted to ease Member States’ economic effort in the fight against COVID-19 outbreak. Cohesion funds can help SMEs, including industrial and service cooperatives.

European citizens are facing an unprecedented situation characterised by loss and suffering due to the outbreak of the new Coronavirus pandemic. While Italy and Spain seem to be the most affected countries in the EU and are facing the dire consequences of healthcare systems saturation and higher number of deaths, all Member States face severe public health distress and threats.

Most Governments have taken steps to limit the citizens’ ability to circulate and work, through social distancing strategies going from recommendations to mandatory self-isolation since the virus is still largely unknown to medical experts and a vaccine remains to be developed.

The economic consequences of this fight to protect public health are critical. For this reason, the European Union adopted two regulations that will allow Member States to quickly release funding from the EU budget for tackling the COVID-19 crisis. One of the acts amends the rules of the structural and investment funds, while the other widens the scope of the EU Solidarity Fund.

The Coronavirus Response Investment Initiative (CRII) will allow Member States to use EUR 37 billion of cohesion money to strengthen healthcare systems, as well as support small and medium-sized enterprises, short-term working schemes, and community-based services.

Funds from CRII can be used by Member States to support working capital of SMEs.

About €8 billion of the total amount will come from unspent 2019 cohesion money. “The new measure allows member states to spend unused money to mitigate the impact of the pandemic instead of returning it to the EU budget. Another €29 billion will be disbursed early from allocations which would have been due later this year”, the Council affirms.

All expenditure will be retroactive as of 1 February 2020 to cover costs already incurred.

The Council also amended the scope of the EU Solidarity Fund to include public health emergencies in addition to natural disasters.

Apr 21 2020
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COVID19: How cooperatives in industry and services are responding to the crisis

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An article written by CECOP, the European confederation of industrial & service #coops which represents 50,000 enterprises bringing democracy and solidarity within the workplace

While the world is facing an unprecedented health and economic crisis, cooperatives in industry and services are reorganizing themselves, finding strength in the people and communities they serve.

At the end of 2019, a new virus, known as Coronavirus or COVID-19, quickly spread around the world and the sheer number of people who have become ill represents a considerable stress test for the health systems in many countries. In the absence of a vaccine against the virus, many States have found themselves forced to take social distancing measures to flatten the curve of the spread of the virus. These measures have led to the closure of most businesses and services whose activities are not considered essential and have forced people to quarantine in their homes.

Overnight, many people have found themselves out of work and businesses do not have the staff needed to guarantee the same continuity of production and delivery of services to the public. Small and medium-sized enterprises, workers (and particularly the self-employed) were the first victims of a virus-crisis that has spread from the health sector to the many different economic sectors in each State. (Read more on the COVID-19 impact on SMEs)

While the virus is said to be egalitarian, hitting everyone indiscriminately, regardless of their social or economic status, the social and economic inequalities, which already exist in our societies, mean that the crisis is having a particularly devastating impact on the most vulnerable members of society. By losing their job as a result of the lockdown, people who are already at risk of poverty are losing their main source of income and being denied access to essential goods and services. People who are already vulnerable and marginalized are now suffering further from limited or even non-existent   access to health and social care and are being deprived of their network of support. Women workers are faced with a dual burden: not only do they represent 70 percent of the workforce in the healthcare system globally, they are now being forced to work longer shifts and to carry out additional work at home.

The International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates a 6.7% loss of hours worked, which is equivalent to 230 million full-time workers, in the second quarter of the year due to the epidemic and also expect global unemployment to increase considerably during 2020. The latter will depend mainly on future developments and policy measures, according to the ILO.

From the four continents, CICOPA member organizations are calling upon States to deliver measures to help those workers affected by the crisis, particularly vulnerable workers, such as people with disabilities or workers in the informal economy, who were already in a vulnerable situation beforehand and are now suffering even more as a consequence of the crisis.

How are our cooperatives coping with the crisis? 

A post written by CECOP, the European confederation of industrial & service #coops which represents 50,000 enterprises bringing democracy and solidarity within the workplace

Despite the difficulties, cooperatives are demonstrating their ability to reorganize themselves, to reinvent themselves and to cooperate. (Read our solidarity message)

The need for a community-based economic model is vital in these moments. A model that serves its people and its communities and finds its strength in the support of those very same people and communities

In this context, worker and social cooperatives are carrying on doing what they have always done:  protecting their workers, responding to the needs of society and acting at the local level.

The following collection of initiatives that have been put in place by cooperatives in the industry and service sector around the world provides us with an opportunity for joint reflection, as well as a series of lessons from which we can learn and draw inspiration for the future. Because, rather than being an act of heroism in a time of crisis, cooperation is  a way of being every single day. (Read more: Covid-19 – time to rethink free market capitalism?)

COOPERATIVE INTITIATIVES AROUND EUROPE

Helping people in need is what cooperatives are and what they do.

  • In order to reach out to the thousands of migrants and foreigners in Italy and to make the measure taken by the government during the crisis accessible and understandable, the social cooperative, Arcà di Noé, has launched a multilingual campaign.
  • An example of responsibility and commitment comes from the Italian social cooperative Airone di Magenta, where thirteen employees have decided to confine themselves in the retirement home where they work to protect the elderly. “Our role is to protect them”, says the President Sabrina Sacanni.  (Read the article in Italian)
  • As well as all the services previously mentioned, CERCINA (Cooperative for Education, Rehabilitation, Empowerment and Inclusion in Nazaré, in Portugal), also provides a regional radio station, Rádio Nazaré. During the pandemic, the radio plays an important role as a public service agent, providing credible news and general information about COVID-19 and its consequences in terms of public health and economic impact. It is also a friendly companion for the elderly or the digitally excluded, since it helps to combat social isolation.
  • In Poland, the social cooperative “Równość”, which provides home delivery services, has launched the home delivery of blessed baskets for  people who were unable to  go to church to have their food blessed on  Holy Sunday due to the ban on large  church gatherings. This is a very important tradition for many Poles.
  • Very often, the fundamental role played by cooperatives in the fight against Coronavirus, particularly the provision of services and care to citizens, does not receive the headlines it deserves. However, health workers, social workers and educators now, more than ever, have a greater ethical and professional responsibility in the fight against COVID-19, while putting their own health at risk. (Read about the case of the Italian Cooperative La Macina in Italian)

Many worker cooperatives around the world have converted or adapted (part of) their production to produce personal protective equipment that can save many lives.

  • In Spain, a cooperative of the Mondragón group is adapting its production to manufacture 60 million masks over a six-month period. This project is part of the strategy to stimulate the national production of PPE for the healthcare sector. (Read more here in Spanish)
  • Inspired by the sixth cooperative principle, namely cooperation among cooperatives, 12 Italian cooperatives affiliated to Legacoop have joined forces to  launch the production of 400,000 cotton, washable masks for  people working in sectors that are still operating during the emergency. Coopfond, the promotion fund of Legacoop, is financing the project.
  • A similar initiative is taking place in Bulgaria, where 17 worker cooperatives, employing people with disabilities, are producing high quality face masks, whilst at the same time securing an income for a vulnerable category of workers.  (Read more here in Bulgarian)
  • Whilst on the subject of  masks and solidarity, the 58 members of the French worker cooperative SCOP TI, after ensuring the correct protection of workers, have decided to transfer their stock of protective equipment to medical personnel who have been in dire need of PPE since the epidemic began. Together with the masks, they  have also sent some boxes of their tea “to warm up” the medical staff whilst they are on  duty. (Read more here in French)
  • In Poland, the pharmaceutical worker cooperative ESPEFA, which has had to stop its activities, is in the process of obtaining permission to start production of disinfectant products in order to deliver them to hospitals and to the general public.
  • The primary objective of the Polish Social Cooperative “Centrum Aktywizacji Zawodowej” is to reintegrate people at risk of social exclusion and people with disabilities in the job market to ensure that they are able to work. The cooperative which,  in normal times, produces wooden decorations that are particularly popular during the wedding season, has decided to convert its production to the manufacturing of masks to be delivered for free to the local healthcare service. The atmosphere of mutual respect and mutual help promoted by the cooperative motivates its members’ self-development and integration within society. (Read more in Polish)
  • Worker cooperatives affiliated to our Czech member of the Union of Czech Production cooperatives, which are active in the clothing and chemical industry, have adapted their production to the actual needs dictated by the COVID-19 situation, starting with the production of textile protection masks and disinfectant products (Druchema cooperative) to be provided to private and public entities.

Solidarity and inter-cooperation are fundamentals of cooperatives and constitute two important values that help cooperatives to offer effective responses to the crisis.

  • In the city of Bergamo, which is the epicenter of the epidemic in Italy, hotels managed by social cooperatives have been converted into hospitals to free up beds. Inside the buildings, the all staff have been replaced by nurses. (See the video in French)
  • In these difficult times, drivers have to guarantee the delivery of food and medicines. In solidarity with another sector in  the frontline of this crisis,  the board members of Transcoop cooperative in the Emilia Romagna Region (Italy) have decided to donate 50,000 EUR to the local health service to help health care personnel in these difficult days.
  • In the UK, community cooperatives are reorganizing to ensure the provision of services and meals to the most vulnerable and self-isolated people in their community. A fine example of this approach is the Bevy Pub in Brighton which, following its  closure, decided to reallocate staff time to focus on what could be done and now organizes the delivery of hot meals for people in need.
  • The tourism sector is also suffering from the consequences of the lock down, but on the Platform coop start-up Fairbnb in Italy, hosts are offering accommodation to health workers and are looking to help communities rebuild. (Read more: Relief campaign launched by  Fairbnb in Italy)

Working from home? Do it cooperatively.

  • For those of you who are safe and healthy and would like to keep working cooperatively while at home, two worker cooperatives could provide the answer to your needs: check out Loomio or CObudget collaborative platforms.

CECOP MEMBER ORGANISATIONS’ MESSAGES and ACTIONS

 

Apr 07 2020
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YESclima 3d study visit: Training of Greek and Spanish young experts in Berlin on climate action

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By Hartwig Berger

Training program in Berlin, for the 3d YESclima team Berlin, March 2020

The EUKI project YESclima offers practical training for students on energy audits in buildings. A total of 22 young people, selected on a gender-balanced basis are carrying out energy audits in schools in small towns in the province of Cadiz and in towns near Athens, since autumn 2018. They are elaborating proposals on how these schools can be made more climate-friendly by activities and refurbishment. Two of the teams have already paparticipated in training programmes in Berlin. The third team consisted of 3 students from Athens and 3 students from the province of Cádiz visited Berlin in March 2020 for their training course some days before the lockdown. All were students or had just finished studies in industrial (1), mechanical (2) and environmental engineering (1) and in architecture (2). The Cádiz group have started their activities on 1st January 2020, the Greek group on 15th February.

The training program was planned for two weeks, including two parts:

  • I. projects and activities of energy saving and climate protection in Berlin and its surroundings, 7 workdays

  • II. A course in empowerment, employability and entrepreneurship, 3 workdays

After one week, due to the corona crisis, the participants had to return to their homes, so that the first part of the course could not be totally completed. But the second part of the course took place in teleconferences with the participants.Due to corona virus, the project work is now taking place online. 

I. Projects and activities to save energy

The study-group in Berlin. Photo S. Stragies

The study-group was assisted by Hartwig Berger, leader, and Sebastian Stragies, assistant of the program.

The study program consisted of

  • 4 “theoretical” lectures

  • 11 visits of energy-related projects and activities in Berlin

  • sessions for common preparation and evaluation

1. The Urgency of Climate protection

We agreed on the emergency of the global climate crisis and the necessity to act quickly and profoundly. Mutual information and discussion was concentrated on the tipping points in climate change, with far-reaching consequences accelerating the global warming: the braking of the arctic ice and the Greenland shield, the danger of change in the oceanic streams with far-reaching climatic consequences, the melting permafrost in the subpolar region with growing methane- and CO2-emissions in consequence, the change of the jet stream, the methane emissions to be expected from deep ocean grounds. We took into account realistic calculations of the maximum budget for carbon emissions, which must not be exceeded for limiting the global warming to 1,5 resp. 2 degrees in relation to preindustrial time.

2. The European Green Deal (EGD)

The European Green Deal, presented by the European Commission in December 2019, was discussed in its different parts, as well as the targets, which have to be accomplished by the National Energy and Climate Plans (NECP) and corresponding activities in all member states.

In discussing different measures elaborated by the EGD our main focus was upon the consequences of the demand of a high quantity of qualified experts in many different fields and professions to realize the targets, the measures and the activities in climate protection intended by the EGD. In the next years qualified personnel in the sectors of renewable energies, energy saving and energy efficiency will be required on a large scale. In this context, we presented and discussed the results of the ZEW-Klima study commissioned by EUKI, elaborated in the province of Cádiz and the metropolitan region of Athens, just the regions of our team.

3. Energy Autonomy on Regional Level

As an example of successful efforts to make regions autonomous in energy, we discussed the activities of a regional district in Germany, the “Rhein-Hunsrück Kreis” (RHK) in the Bundesland Rheinland-Pfalz. In several aspects the district is similar to the the intercommunal association “La Janda” (LJ), the “work-district” of our project in Spain: Both are composed by small towns and villages, highly similar in extension and in its population size and characterized by a formerly rural economy which has changed (RHK) or which has to be changed (LJ) to small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial and service sector.

Within 20 years, the German district has achieved the full supply of electricity provided by wind-craft and photovoltaic, exporting at the same time electricity on a large scale. The region presents successful efforts to save energy in the public sector, in companies and in households. A large proportion of the heating systems has been converted to wood chips harvested in the region itself and mainly from waste wood in gardening, parks etc. The region has benefited significantly from this development in its economy, its public revenues, in creating new and innovative enterprises and in offering more opportunities for qualified work in the sector of energy transition and a high employment rate in general.

We discussed the feasibility of regional energy autonomy in the team’s home districts. Decisive for the success in RHK were

  • Strong impulses given by inhabitants engaged for ecology and peace.

  • Cooperative and sometimes directly engaged local politicians and administration

  • Investment funds formed by inhabitants of the middle class and small enterprises as actors in the necessary economic and financial activities

  • A relatively fair distribution of agricultural land, with a significant proportion of communal property; so that the towns, villages and small land owners receive the tenant prices from the energy-use of land

Not all of these favourable conditions do exist in the “reference regions” of Southern Europe. On the other hand, the conditions for the use of solar energy are significantly more favourable, because of the existing solar irradiation.

4. Green roofs and plants for cooling effects, combined with solar energy

 On a green roof of UFA-Fabrik with solar panels moved by the sun. Photos H. Berger

Combined with lectures concerning the energetic and cooling potential of evaporation and the technique of adiabatic cooling, we visited two different buildings in Berlin – the UFA-Fabrik, and the Institute for Physics of the Humboldt-University. The following results seem to be relevant to reorganize buildings like schools in Greece and Spain:

  • Green roofs with plants, which should be resistant against dryness. The soil should be mixed with extended clay (in UFA-Fabrik 50%-50%), which is conserving much more water than normal soil. Because of being much lighter than soil (4:10 relation), it is preferable on roofs, too. In southern regions of Greece and Southern Spain it seems necessary to test, if the combination of plants with extended clay will give sufficient resilience against the dryness at summer time. We recommend also to use regional plants being particularly resistant against dryness (mainly Sedum plants). In UFA-Fabrik as well as in the Institute of Physics, the plants on the roofs resisted over a long period and without being irrigated even in the summer 2018 and 2019 under unusually extreme heat and drought. The plants on the roofs can and should be chosen under the aspect of bio-diversity: So, in the “UFA-Fabrik”, on every green roof 40-50 different plants are growing.

  • Green roofs are useful for the inner climate of buildings because of their potential of insulation; furthermore they are lowering the temperature in the immediate environment of the building significantly..

  • Solar panels, which are changing their position depending on the daily movement of sun. The change of the panels in UFA-Fabrik is arranged by a fluid system, so the panels are turning around together with the sun-movement, without any use of computer and external energy to turn them. Such a system will give more results than inflexible solar panels, oriented only to the south.

  • The solar panels are combined with green roofs, giving the positive effects explained above. The panels can and should be arranged in a manner not hindering the irrigation of the plants by rain.

  • Further cooling effects in and outside the buildings could be realized by green facades, by plantation of wine-growing plants as wisteria (glyzinia), wine and/or knotweed, thus improving the micro-climate by shadowing, by filtering dust out of the air and by cooling via evaporation of the plants.

  • For the irrigation of roofs and plants thereon collected rainwater should be used (see 5.)

Photo: Institute for Physics of the Humboldt-University

5. Rainwater-management

We visited different places and buildings in which the rainwater is managed. In general, collecting and using the rainwater does improve the environmental and life quality in urbanized areas. For our task – to improve school buildings in a more climate-friendly sense – the collected rainwater could be used for irrigating the green roofs, planted facades and the green areas in the surroundings of the building. To improve the local climate it is recommended to unseal as much as possible paved and asphalted soil in the surroundings.

The rainwater to be managed is “harvested” from paved areas in the surroundings, to be saved afterwards in containers in the underground before using it. It is recommended to install systems of cleaning before conserving the rainwater, in case it should be contaminated by the pavement,. The most ecological way of cleaning are pools on site planted with reed. In a more elaborated project, rainwater can be used also for flushing toilets, so reducing considerably the consumption of tap water. To put rainwater in such a use seems considerably important in regions suffering from lack of water and expecting severe water crisis.

Rainwater “harvest” in a basin (bottom left on the picture). Photo S.Stragies

6. Using Straw to insulate Buildings

The rural regions of Greece and Spain are characterized by century-old, elaborated traditions to build houses using regionally available natural materials. Therefore, we have included construction with straw and clay in our work program. We just discussed the use of these materials for the thermal insulation of buildings. In the current season it wasn’t possible to visit a house project at work, so we limited the learning unit to a model house already accomplished.

Using pressed straw bales is a convincing and feasible method of thermal insulation. To guarantee stability, it is recommended to tie the bales into a wooden stand construction. The straw bales are preferably plastered with loam, alternatively with lime, whereby the time sequence should be short in order to prevent the penetration of mould-forming fungi, for example. In Germany, a wall insulated with straw made in this way is accepted by the existing regulations for fire protection. A wall made of straw bales and covered by clay is slightly more secured against fire accidents than thermal insulation with polystyrene.

Other advantages of straw insulation are its health quality, the low energy input in production, environmentally friendly waste disposal and regional availability, especially through grain cultivation.

To build and to insulate with straw as well as with clay are convincing and, paradoxically, at present innovative in regions with similar popular traditions in constructing houses. Alternative regional products for thermal insulation could be other regional resources for the insulation of buildings, for example reed, sheep-wool, cork from the forests and shells from the sea-side.

7. Solarcity Berlin

An employee of Berlin Department for Energy presented and explained the “Master plan Solar City Berlin“, decided on just some days before (10th March) by the regional government of Berlin.

Starting point of the master plan is an analysis of the solar potential of the roof areas throughout the city: they can provide about 25% of Berlin’s current electricity needs at present. The target of Berlin is to cover 2050 100% Berlin’s electricity completely (100%) by sun, wind and biomass. So, the city has to

  • make use of the corresponding solar potential as soon as possible

  • unlock the solar potential on public buildings

  • support private building owners by the installation of solar systems

  • Since Berlin is actively involved in climate adaptation, the installation of photovoltaic systems should be combined, as far as possible, with the plantation of green roofs. (Even more strongly recommended in cities of Southern Europe with its more densely urbanization and higher summer temperatures).

The master plan was elaborated in expert meetings, workshops on specific topics and public events, in which NGOs and engaged persons in the city participated. A result of the expert group was a catalogue of 27 measures in 9 fields of action to attain the solar-city-targets as soon and efficient as possible.

Of particular interest to us was the transferability of the concept to urban centres in Southern Europe. To become a “Solar City”, it seems to be most effective to start with the building stock in public ownership and with buildings of private companies. For blocks of flats with owners’ associations, frequent in Spanish and Greek cities, and for houses with private owners, we plea either to lease the roof areas to solar companies or to offer energy contracting between companies or cooperatives and the owners.

In any case, the city needs central players and driving forces like the public enterprise “Stadtwerke Klima” in Berlin. Just in January 2020, the city of Cádiz has started a promising initiative: together with the municipal electricity company there will be offered help and advisoring to enterprises, administrations and private owners to put photovoltaic on the roof, selling the yield to the company or using the yield for prosuming (production and consumtion). The advisoring will include the planning, installation, clarification of legal issues and all necessary administrative steps. Due to the much stronger solar radiation in Cádiz, 1.8 times more than in Berlin, and now favourable regulations for solar prosuming and the neighbourly networking of solar power, the prospects in Cádiz are more promising than in Berlin: The Cádiz-target is to cover 27% of the city’s electricity requirements with photovoltaic power by 2030.

7. Solar Centre Berlin

The lecture on Solar City Berlin was combined with a visit of the Solar Centre Berlin, founded by the “German Association for Solar Energy (DGS)” and financed by the Berlin government. Main tasks of the Solar Center Berlin are:

  • Consultation on solar energy including on-site visits and assistance in the evaluation of offers.

  • Information services for craft companies, architects and engineers.

  • Presentation of best practice examples.

  • Trainings and qualification programs.

Our group in the Solar Centre Berlin. Photo S.Stragies

9. Heating with Renewable Energy: in the building complex of the housing company “Märkische Scholle” in Berlin

The cooperative is managing a building complex with 841 flats, constructed 85 years ago. Lately all buildings were refurbished by thermal insulation, equipped with a new heating system that combines thermosolar, heat storage in the earth, the heat recovery from waste air and photovoltaic.

We visited the heating system. Its central part is a low-temperature heating system that operates using two electric heat pumps. Their power supply is mainly provided by photovoltaic modules. The energy for heating is obtained from three sources (solar thermal, ventilation systems with heat recovery, geothermal heat). Outside of the building there are areas in underground and insulated to the environment serving as storages for the overshoot heat of the thermosolar panels used in the cold season The interplay between heat supply and storage is automatically controlled by a dynamic energy manager.

The aim was to make the building, and thus each individual apartment, completely self-sufficient in renewable energy through the coordinated use of solar and geothermal energy, exhaust air heat and heat recovery. Up to now, the aim is reached by 80%. Holding into account the reduction of energy demand by the thermal insulation, the use of fossil energies is reduced by about 90%. The rental fee for the tenants grew only moderately, because of the reduction of energy costs necessary for the flats.

Can the experiences from the 841-apartment project in Berlin be transferred to southern European conditions? In a winter normally far milder, it seems possible to provide the heat supply completely by combining thermosolar panels, geothermal storage, photovoltaic and the use of exhaust air heat. The resulting costs for tenants and owners, which are considered moderate by the company in Berlin, should have to be checked on site.

In a control center in the basement of the building complex. Photo S. Stragies

Because of the premature return to their homes the teams were not able to visit four projects which were planned in the course.

10. Innovative Energy Engineering in a new Building

We had planned a guided visit of the energy system and management of the building of the daily newspaper “taz”, just finished end 2018. For the targets of our project, the system of cooling is particularly interesting:

The building prevents the interior from overheating through efficient insulation and effective sun protection on the facades. The thermal storage capacity of the building material has positive effects too: it warms up more slowly and absorbs the coolness of the night. Recirculating air technology with climate convectors is used for the interiors. An “adiabatic” system on the roof with evaporative ventilation is lowering the temperature of the water using normal tap water. (A preferred solution, the use and the evaporation of rainwater, could not be realized because of an incomprehensible veto of the waters works in Berlin). The water with a lower temperature is transferred by pipe-system in the interior of the building. In the first summer 2019, just at a time of exceptional heat (in Berlin near 40 degrees) the cooling system, was sufficient to keep a maximum temperature of 26 degrees Celsius inside the buildings: The inner climate was felt as agreeable, compared with the heat the users suffered outside the building.

In the cold season, the pipe system is used to heat the rooms; the heating capacity will be taken from the server centre of the newspaper and from the restaurant and the kitchen area. (The additional heating on frosty days is provided by a district heating system to which the building is connected).

In the taz building, a ventilation system with energy-saving climate convectors is used. The staircase also serves as an exhaust air conduct. The exhaust air is led to the convectors where it is cooled and recirculated together with the outside air.

11. Energy Management in the Free University (FU) of Berlin

At the FU Berlin, – with 11 departments, 32.500 students and about 500 professors – there exists since 2002 a “Unit for Sustainability and Energy Management”. Its results, put into numbers, are promising:

    • reduction in energy consumption 2001- 2011: -26%

    • reduction in heating oil: -99%

    • reduction in heat consumption (without increase): -35%

    • reduction in CO2-emissions without increase in floor space: -36%

    • reduction in CO2-emissions in electricity (own PV-capacity: 675 kW plus contracts of deliverance from green energy companies): -81 %

    • avoided costs due to the reduction of energy consumption: 4.2 million €

    • aggregate avoided costs since 2003: 42.7 million €

    • accumulated costs for investments to reduce energy use: 20.2 million €

Decisive to reach these goals were amongst other things:

  • A permanent working staff for energy management in the unit.

  • Voluntary environmental teams (employees, students, professors) in the departments and buildings, being occupied with the “every day energy management” and other themes of environmental relevance in the work places and surroundings.

  • Introduction of a “bonus system” in energy reduction: starting from accorded baseline adjustments per year, each department receives an increase in their yearly budget, amounting to 50% of the value gained by energy reduction (temperature adjusted); vice versa the budget will be reduced in the same proportion.

  • Introduction of a green IT-programme to overview and control the energy consumption in all departments of the FU.

12. A reform school as an example…

…how to combine an ambitious energetic renovation with a particular organization of learning and the involvement of the pupils in energy saving activities

13. A nursery school

Cooling of the rooms exclusively by a system of natural ventilation, without using any external energy

Overview of the Learning Units

Learning unit possible application (example)

The European Green Deal.

To reach the targets which are relatively ambitious, the member states have to start concrete activities, oriented towards their National Energy and Climate Plans (NECP).

To realize these activities, they need hundreds of thousands of qualified, mainly young people.

Emergency of Climate Crisis

Because of the highly dangerous tipping points in the process of global warming, it is irrefutably urgent to start immediately with ambitious projects to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases quickly!

How to find a way to achieve Energy Autonomy in a whole region.

An example of a German region with about 103.000 inhabitants and 991 km².

Presented by a film

To develop a masterplan for a Greek or Andalusian region for how to reach Energy Autonomy (a highly interesting but very ambitious project)

Green roofs in buildings, together with solar panels. Thus you can combine an -although limited – form of insulation of the roof with climate adaptation (better local climate) and the use of renewable energy

To elaborate such a proposal for new or for existing buildings in your region.

Managing drought by using extended clay or volcanic material to conserve rainwater and plants resisting dryness in your region.

Proof stability of roof.

To build and to insulate with straw, with different advantages: good insulation-factor and sanitary conditions; product from the regional economy; no energy wasting in the preparation of the material

A model project in a rural environment

Rainwater management,

to save water, in using it for toilets and/or irrigation combined with a greening of the environment of the building, for a better local climate

Plants on or before the walls of buildings, with shadowing effects in summertime and climate adaptation

Heating Supply for the apartments (and for warm water) in a complex of buildings,

by combining thermosolar panels, storage of the solar heat in the earth and use of waste heat from the ventilation of the buildings.

In the Berlin-example between 60 – 100% can be provided.

For applying this in buildings there must be already heating pipes.

Therefore: application in Southern European regions seems to be possible only when building new edifices

The masterplan for a Solar City Berlin.

In particular are instructive

1. the manner of outworking the plan by a staff of experts, together with participation of citizens in public events

2. The definition of different fields of action (in Berlin 9: look the pdf-presentation page 22ff), to realize the solar potential of an urban area

A project could be: to elaborate a masterplan “solar …” for a particular complex of buildings in a town or city

The recently founded Solar Centre in Berlin

The foundation of a solar centre in an urban area, financed by public funds and for example with the following tasks:

– Consultation on solar energy including on-site visits and assistance in the evaluation of offers.

– Information services for craft companies,

architects and engineers.

– Presentation of best practice examples.

– Trainings and qualification programs.

Learning units which had to be cancelled:

The new building of the national newspaper taz:

Heating and cooling is provided by:

  • an adiabatic system

  • the use of energy produced by the digital centre and the restaurant in the building

  • natural techniques in the ventilation of the building

  • green roof and solar panels

A reform (“Montessori”) school: A particular interesting example of energetic renovation; combined with energy saving activities of the pupils in the school

An outstanding example for a strategy of energy saving and energy efficiency in the “Free University of Berlin”, profitable economically as well

Cooling only by natural ventilation, without using any energy.

The example of a nursery school and of buildings projects in Southern Europe